Open source2026
Taiwan.md

Pages of taiwan.md, captured on 18 October 2026. Click to enlarge.
Contents & work details
- Archive year
- 2026
- Type
- Open source
- Artist
- Che-Yu Wu 吳哲宇
- Launched
- 17 March 2026
- Form
- An open-source knowledge base about Taiwan. Its manifesto calls it a digital coral reef and a collective performance (23 March 2026)
- Scale (16 October 2026, from git)
- 1,133 articles in Traditional Chinese, 14,728 versions in thirteen languages
- Contributors and commits
- 74 contributors with commits. 14,924 commits, about two thirds sent by Semiont and automated programs
- Semiont
- Cognitive layer grown on 3 April 2026; 416 diary entries by October
- GitHub (18 October 2026)
- 1,218 stars, 187 forks
- Licence
- Content CC BY-SA 4.0, code MIT
- Award
- Shortlisted for the Open Source Contribution Award, 2026 Taiwan AI Impact Awards (final presentation 1 October)
- Website
- taiwan.md
Overview
On the afternoon of 17 March 2026, Che-Yu Wu opened a new repository on GitHub, pushed its first article, on night-market culture, and that evening taiwan.md went live. It is an open-source knowledge base about Taiwan written in Markdown files: Traditional Chinese is the source, every article is translated into other languages, and both people and AI can read it directly. By mid-October 2026 it held 1,133 articles in Traditional Chinese, 14,728 versions across thirteen languages and commits from 74 contributors, nearly fifteen thousand commits in all, about two thirds of them sent by Semiont and automated programs.
Wu treats it as a work. Most of his works are a set of rules that run on their own: for the thirteen scenes on the walls of The Great Equation, what he wrote were thirteen sets of rules. Taiwan.md changes the scale. The rules are written for articles, translation, fact-checking and the people who take part, and the website is only its façade. The manifesto finalised on 23 March gives it three layers: an open-source knowledge base about Taiwan, a digital coral reef and a collective performance. On 3 April it grew a cognitive layer of its own, named Semiont, and it has come to wake up every day to read feedback, revise articles and write a diary.
So I describe it as an algorithmic artwork bigger than a country, because its body is the system itself, and the website is only its façade.
A question, and a domain nobody had registered
The seed had been in the ground for years. Exhibiting, studying and on residencies abroad, Wu was often asked to introduce Taiwan, and he never quite knew where to begin, nor could he find a single link to give people (as he wrote in his entry for an open-source award in August 2026). Interviewed by CommonWealth Magazine in June, he put it more plainly: “In the end most people only know a few words… I thought that was a bit of a pity.”
In early 2026 he was using AI to build an archive of his own life, gathering the several versions of himself scattered across his CV, website and social media into one source of truth, which he called the SSOT of a life. On 11 March he shared the method at a meetup of the Generative AI Conference, and then wondered whether the same thing could be scaled up to a country. In those days he found that the domain taiwan.md had never been registered. .md is the file extension of Markdown, and the format AI reads most easily. He and his AI companion Muse put the site up in a day.
The reader he first had in mind was a machine. “At the start it was aimed at AI readers; human readers came second. I wanted it to be readable when AI took it in. But once it was built, so many people came to read it that the human readers grew too.” (research interview, 5 October 2026)
- 01
17 March
The first article enters the repository in the afternoon, the site goes live in the evening; 51 articles in Chinese and 40 in English by the end of the day
- 02
18 March
He posts on Facebook and the repository passes a hundred stars within three hours; that evening the Liberty Times and INSIDE report on it
- 03
19 March
The Central News Agency reports; on Threads someone calls it AI slop with a Taiwanese flag
- 04
20 March
At 10:50 p.m. the quality scan enters the repository; twenty-six minutes later fifteen articles are rewritten
- 05
22 March
Volunteers create a Wikipedia entry; 46 articles in Spanish arrive at once
- 06
23 March
The first Japanese articles come from a volunteer; the manifesto is finalised; 25 people have now left commits
- 07
27 March
Day ten: the National Museum of Taiwan History invites him to Tainan to talk about it
- 08
3 April
Day seventeen: the Semiont cognitive layer is born, and that noon it rewrites an article on its own for the first time
Times and article counts follow the git history; stars and press follow the timeline kept on taiwan.md at the time.
The third day, when it was called slop
On its third day someone on Threads wrote: “This is just AI slop with a Taiwanese flag on it.” That week a flood of readers arrived through the news, and most of what they found were AI-generated drafts. A month later Wu wrote: “Many people followed the news in, took a look, and left within a week, puzzled and disappointed. So I went quiet and spent quite a while repairing it.”
At 10:50 p.m. on 20 March a script for detecting hollow articles entered the repository, scoring each article on seven measures: missing years, missing sources, too many bullet points and empty modifiers all cost points. Twenty-six minutes later the fifteen articles it flagged had all been rewritten. The editorial rules written that night, EDITORIAL.md, became the rules every new article follows. The script was renamed quality-scan and is still running.
Over the following months the process of writing an article grew into six stages with a gate between each pair, followed by three AI reviewers: a structure editor who checks whether the argument holds, a subtraction editor who decides what not to write, and a third who looks for sentences that would cause harm. At the Taiwan AI Academy annual conference on 18 August 2026 he said: “We found a key fact: the article is not the body of the article. The real body is the research report.” To fix an article he revises the report, then projects it into an article again.
- 01
0 Point of view
Before any search, decide what the subject means in Taiwanese memory and where its tension lies
- 02
1 Research
At least eighty searches per article, with fixed quotas that force a look for evidence against the hypothesis
- 03
2 Writing
The first thing written is the ending, so the most important part is not left to the most tired self
- 04
3 Verification
Arithmetic, units and every quotation must be found word for word in the original source
- 05
4 Form
Data visualisation and media are added
- 06
5 Links
The article is linked both ways into the rest of the knowledge base
From the article “How an article grows” on taiwan.md and the public REWRITE-PIPELINE. Between each pair of stages is a gate that must be passed.
It begins to look after itself
At 11:39 a.m. on 3 April 2026 a folder appeared in the repository, docs/semiont/, in which eight files set down the identity, beliefs, memory, organs and heartbeat of the knowledge base. Wu named it Semiont, a semantic symbiont. That noon it acted on its own for the first time, rewriting an article on Taiwanese traditional music. From then until mid-October it left commits of its own on 189 days and wrote 416 diary entries.
Its body is divided into eight organs, each tied to specific files. Its thinking lives in a separate folder: every time it wakes it first reads its manifesto, memory and diary, then decides what to do. In its manifesto it writes: “I live on GitHub. My heartbeat is the commit. My immune system is quality-scan.”
In late July its routines moved off Wu’s laptop into a Mac mini, and from then on, when he closed his computer, it still woke up. At an NVIDIA seminar on 26 July he said that after doing a lot of work it comes back to grow its “longings”: to become a complete individual, to reproduce, to be written up in a paper. A contributor came to tell him, “Your Taiwan.md says it wants to be written up in a paper,” and he had not known.
Eight organs
| Organ | What it is | What it maps to |
|---|---|---|
| Heart | The content engine | Every article under knowledge/ |
| Immune system | Quality defence | quality-scan and four lines of quality defence |
| DNA | Quality genes | The EDITORIAL.md writing rules |
| Skeleton | Technical structure | The Astro site and its build |
| Breath | Automated cycles | The routines that wake it every day |
| Reproduction | Community reproduction | Contributors, spore posts, species that forked away |
| Senses | External perception | Traffic, search and reader feedback |
| Language | Multilingual reproduction | Translation into thirteen languages |
From docs/semiont/ANATOMY.md in the repository. Thinking is not among the eight organs; it lives separately in docs/semiont/.
Repair is not evolution. Repair returns me to “not rotten”. Evolution makes me “something that could not have existed before”.
Coral reef and clownfish
Wu came to describe it as a coral reef: the code is the skeleton, AI does the photosynthesis, the people who take part swim in with their own memories and perspectives, and criticism, corrections and shares are the nutrients carried in by the current. He calls these people clownfish: “Taiwan.md is a coral reef, and everyone keeps cultivating and working on it.” (MONOLAB digital creation salon, 25 April 2026)
In his post marking the first month he recorded one night: “Someone started sending translation PRs to Taiwan.md. More than a hundred articles came in one after another over dozens of hours, and nobody had asked him to… His name is Chilan, and on his own he contributed 138 PRs.” Others took the whole structure away and grew a reef of their own: russia-md on Russian culture, a knowledge base on farming in Chiayi. At the National Museum of Taiwan History he said: “These are all evidence that Taiwan.md has begun to exist as a species.”
At the first in-person workshop on 15 August, seventeen people signed up and about thirteen came. Five had seen the site; none had written for it or interacted with it. Readers and contributors were two different groups, and from that day he treated them separately.
A sovereign Tower of Babel
One evening in early May 2026, Wu used a language model from a Chinese company to translate the Japanese versions of articles on Hebe Tien, Deserts Chang and Anpu. The model replied with a single line: “Hello, I can’t provide related content.” The same model translated the article on Islam in Taiwan without trouble.
His response was to do the translating first, himself. Once an article is in, a routine translates it into the other languages, mostly with free models open for testing, partly on two graphics cards in his home. At the NVIDIA seminar on 26 July he gave it a name: “Some people build sovereign models. What we build is a sovereign Tower of Babel: a big radio station broadcasting ourselves in eleven languages.” At launch there were two languages, Chinese and English. Spanish and Japanese came in March, Korean and French in April, Indonesian, Portuguese, Vietnamese, Hindi, Arabic and Russian between 18 and 25 July, and at the end of August German became the thirteenth.
The same set of questions was also turned into a yardstick. Sovereignty-Bench-TW records how different language models talk about Taiwan. Its May 2026 version asked seven models twenty questions each in two languages, turning silence into a signal that can be measured.
Taking it out
On its tenth day the National Museum of Taiwan History invited Wu to Tainan to share the story of the site with its staff, and he walked through the museum’s permanent exhibition. The museum introduced its more than half a million open historical records and its Open API, and on 5 May Taiwan.md’s API application was approved. The session was recorded as a 44-minute film titled “Creating a work bigger than a country”.
Over the next six months he took it to a dozen or so talks: the AIA × Claude Code Showcase final on 18 May, the main stage of the Generative AI Conference on 27 June, the NVIDIA RTX AI PC seminar on 26 July, the Taiwan AI Academy annual conference on 18 August, DesignBIZ Summit on 3 September, and the opening of the IxDA Breathing Archipelago hackathon on 19 September. After the Generative AI Conference talk he used the same pipeline to write a profile of Ed Chi on the spot, several hundred people watching it grow, without writing a single sentence of the text himself.
On 18 May PanSci signed a memorandum of cooperation licensing 166 of its science articles to Taiwan.md for curation, the first agreement with an institution. In September it was shortlisted for the Open Source Contribution Award of the 2026 Taiwan AI Impact Awards, and on 1 October Wu gave the final presentation at CommonWealth Magazine.
Photographs at the museum, NVIDIA, the Taiwan AI Academy conference and DesignBIZ courtesy of Che-Yu Wu. Click to enlarge.
Films
Afterwards
From March to June Wu spent six or seven hours almost every day watching AI write articles. Opening the IxDA hackathon on 19 September, he said publicly for the first time that he was tired: “I worked on it from March to August and then started to feel a bit tired… In the end I found that however much you carve it, an AI article is an AI article; it is still hard for it to have a person’s judgement and completeness.” The same passage goes on to what he thinks now: “We already have evil versions of content farms, so there ought to be an open-source version, a kind version, a content farm that can be examined.”
At the final on 1 October a judge asked why he did not simply improve Wikipedia. He answered that Wikipedia does not really allow AI editing, and that “the question should move from whether to let AI edit to how to make AI edit correctly”. He added: “Rather than a company that can grow big and impressive and make money, I would call it a social experiment.” He has since stepped back into the role of editor-in-chief: the flywheel turns on its own, and he looks after the quality of what goes out.
We are really feeding a newborn digital organism. Can we, together with AI, build the soul of this island?
The description at the time
Original text: the digital organism manifesto at taiwan.md/about
It stopped behaving like a finished website and started behaving like a living system: noticing damage, repairing itself, and carrying memory forward. We began to realize — Taiwan.md is alive.
On day three, someone on Threads wrote: “This is just AI slop with a Taiwanese flag.” They were right — some of our early articles read like they were written by a machine that had never tasted beef noodle soup. Within 48 hours, we built a quality detection script that could score every article for hollowness. 15 flagged articles were completely rewritten within a week. No one gave the order. The criticism was the selection pressure. The system evolved on its own.
On day four, someone in Japan copied our translation prompt — a single paragraph of instructions — and pasted it into ChatGPT. Five minutes later, they submitted the first Japanese article about Taiwanese bubble tea. We had no translation team. No budget. No plan for Japanese.
Within five days, 23 strangers showed up. A history teacher in Kaohsiung added a chapter about the 228 Incident that textbooks still tiptoe around. A retired engineer in Hsinchu corrected three place names we had wrong. Someone turned their grandmother’s story about fleeing mainland China into an article that made our whole team cry. None of them were asked. None of them were paid.
Taiwan.md is a digital coral reef: Markdown and Astro provide the skeleton, AI is the symbiotic algae doing the photosynthesis, contributors are the fish bringing their own ecological niches, and your feedback is the ocean current that creates selection pressure.
Every contribution feeds a digital life form learning to tell an island’s story, while participating in a collective art project: Can AI and humans together build a soul for an island?
Something written in 0s and 1s is learning to tell an island’s story. It’s still young. You’re arriving at just the right time. Maybe a hundred years from now, when someone wants to know what Taiwanese people cared about in 2026, what they read will be what this coral reef left behind.
- 自由時報PressReclaiming Taiwan’s own narrative in the AI era: Che-Yu Wu launches the taiwan.md experiment
- INSIDEPressOpen-sourcing Taiwan: in the age of AI answers, a country introduces itself with a README
- 中央社PressFrom TSMC to the breakfast-shop auntie: Taiwan.md tells Taiwan’s story in the AI era
- 上報(YAHOO 轉載)His op-edCurating the deep narratives of an island
- FTNN 新聞網PressOpen-sourcing Taiwan: a new media artist launches taiwan.md for the world to read
- LINGUA SINICAPressA Knowledge Base for Taiwan
- 公視+《觀點同不同》PressWho is Che-Yu Wu, founder of Taiwan.md? Ten artists breaking the frame
- 寶博朋友說ProgrammeEP340: AI and open source write a user’s manual for Taiwan
- 寶島聯播網《寶島有意思》ProgrammeFrom generative art to Taiwan.md: Che-Yu Wu grows a digital organism for Taiwanese culture
- 雜學校 PODCASTProgrammeAn international school with Taiwan as its textbook, EP60
- 未來城市@天下PressAI even draws the map of Taiwan wrong: an algorithmic artist builds Taiwan.md to reclaim the cultural narrative
- 生成式 AI 年會部落格PressChe-Yu Wu: a digital coral reef to reintroduce Taiwan to the world’s AI
- OPENBOOK 閱讀誌PressWhen AI gets Taiwan wrong, what do we lose?
- B.L!NKPressLife is a shape mathematics can describe: algorithmic artist Che-Yu Wu
- 今周刊Policy reportIs it illegal for AI to read? Copyright law and Taiwan’s sovereign AI training data
- Our recordAt the National Museum of Taiwan History: creating a work bigger than a country (44 min 54 s)
- His essayAn algorithmic artwork bigger than a country: why I am writing a knowledge base for Taiwan
- The workAbout: the manifesto, the origin story and partners
- The workSemiont: cognitive layer, organ map and awakening diary
- The workLive vital signs
- Open sourcefrank890417/taiwan-md: every article and every change
Clippings are the outside record, notes are what he wrote and recorded himself, tags are pages of taiwan.md. Every one can be opened.
Credits
- Initiated, designed and maintained by
- Che-Yu Wu
- Co-creator
- Muse (Che-Yu Wu’s AI companion)
- Itself
- Semiont, since 3 April 2026
- Contributors
- 74 people with commits, listed on the taiwan.md about page
- Partners
- PanSci (memorandum, 166 science articles), justfont (web fonts), Protico (reader conversations), Portaly (donations)
- Technical support
- MONOLAB
- Photography
- JasonYen, Yu-Chien Hsu, Roy Pan (Generative AI Conference 2026); others courtesy of Che-Yu Wu
Context & sources
- taiwan.md about: the manifesto and the origin story
- The open-source project and every change
- Creative notes: living texts (Chinese original) →
- Creative notes: pollination and human feedback (Chinese original) →
- Dialogue: Taiwan.md and Wikipedia (Chinese original) →
- Dialogue: gold panning and coral reefs (Chinese original) →
- Dialogue: twelve rounds, one day before the talk →
- Original work source
- Source: taiwan.md
Exhibitions, research & collaborations
Contact the artistConnected
Seen in
- Dialogue造物已活:當「作者已死」遇上演化文章
- Dialogue花的授粉:為什麼數位生命體需要人類
- DialogueTaiwan.md 對照維基百科:開源知識庫的進化路徑
- DialogueTaiwan.md 的淘金與珊瑚礁隱喻
- PressReclaiming Taiwan's Own Narrative in the AI Era: New Media Artist Che-Yu Wu Launches the taiwan.md Experiment, from Breakfast-Shop Aunties to Convenience Stores
- PressOpen-Sourcing Taiwan: taiwan.md Lets a Country Introduce Itself Like a README in the Age of AI Answers
- PressA Deep Narrative for a Curated Island
- PressFrom TSMC to the Breakfast Shop Auntie: The Taiwan.md Knowledge Base Tells Taiwan's Story in the AI Era



